Reforms that claim to activate students actually treat them as passive recipients.

Evidence

Thus we come back to the truly active participation of the pupil in the school, which can only exist if the school is related to life. The more the new curricula nominally affirm and theorise the pupil’s activity and working collaboration with the teacher, the more they are actually designed as if the pupil were purely passive. — Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 357

Categorization

• XREF: Foreshadows the formula-for-hegemony critique that surface discourse affirms what practice denies — a pattern Islamophobia analysis re-encounters in liberal multicultural rhetoric.