Race categories shift with historical power configurations

Evidence

“Racialization” is defined as “an unstable and de-centered complex of social meanings constantly being transformed by political struggle” assigned to identities in society. Michael Omi and Howard Winant, Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s, 2nd ed. (Routledge, 1994), 55. — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 1241 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

The prevailing regional modalities of racial history and arrangement on which I focus include americanization, palestinianization, europeanization, latinamericanization, and southafricanization of racism(s), and by extension of race. This order reveals what would otherwise be less noticed, that each represents a significance that is both historically resonant and politically dominant at specific global conjunctions, but also a logic of historical interaction. — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 355 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Unitary categories like race and class fray at the edges under sustained analysis — Donna Landry and Gerald MacLean, The Spivak Reader: Selected Works of…, 354; Racial categories are unstable and shift through contested definition; Racial categories are flexible instruments that can be repurposed for new politics (+6 more)

Broader Connections

• Racial categories are unstable and shift through contested definition #corroborates (0.95)
• Racial categories are unstable social meanings reshaped by political struggle #corroborates (0.95) — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 1241
• Unitary categories like race and class fray at the edges under sustained analysis #corroborates (0.90) — Donna Landry and Gerald MacLean, The Spivak Reader, 354
• Racial categories are flexible instruments that can be repurposed for new politics #expands (0.90)
• Racial modalities rise to global dominance at specific historical conjunctions #corroborates (0.90) — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 355
• Race categories are historical and political, not pigment-based #corroborates (0.90) — Stuart Hall, Essential Essays, Volume 2, 232
• Racial categories were administratively imposed rather than biologically fixed #expands (0.85) — Dubois, Laurent, Avengers of the New World_ The Story of…, 216
• Inconsistencies in colonial racial categories reveal latent distinctions rather than errors #exemplifies (0.80)