Prewar France had a large unassimilated immigrant labor population

Evidence

At the outbreak of the second World War, at least 10 per cent of France’s population was foreign and not naturalized. Her mines in the north were chiefly worked by Poles and Belgians, her agriculture in the south by Spaniards and Italians. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 2480

Categorization

• XREF: Relevant to the scaffolding concept of population as categorized mass and the groundwork for later exclusionary policies — connects to Arendt’s broader theme of statelessness and denationalization.