Postwar modernization theory and the Israel partnership produced the Arab terrorist race

Evidence

Third, systematic anti-Muslim racism emerges after World War II as new modes of controlling the MENA region, particularly modernization theory and American Orientalism, produce Arabs and Muslims as a race. Empire in crisis in the late 1960s and the strategic partnership with Israel gave rise to the global “Arab terrorist” as a threat to democracy. … As various threats to empire emerge, the flexible category of “terrorist” incorporates these threats. … Moreover, the Black Lives Matter movement has also been smeared as terrorist, and Native Americans protesting the Keystone Pipeline were targeted using counterterrorism tactics. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 103

Categorization

• QUESTION: This restates the ch5 claim without mechanism detail. The specific channels linking modernization theory and American Orientalism to the ‘Arab terrorist’ figure are the missing causal level the reader wants, and this book flags them as categories without supplying media/legal channels per se — a partial answer at best.
• XREF: Directly serves the stated MOC thread on anti-Arab racism producing Islamophobia; ‘Arab terrorist’ predates and seeds the post-9/11 Islamophobia figure. — connects to: Postwar empire-building and the Israel partnership produced the racialized Arab terrorist category — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of…, 91; The global Arab terrorist image was produced by empire crisis and counterinsurgency with Israel — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of…, 203; The global war on terror ideology originated in Israeli religious-right domestic politics — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of…, 445 (+9 more)

Broader Connections

• Israeli-organized conferences shaped the racialized terrorism narrative #corroborates (0.87)
• The Arab and Islamic terrorist archetype originated from the neocon-Likud alliance after 1979 #exemplifies (0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 473
• Neoconservatives paired with Israel’s Likud to frame the terrorist as an enemy of civilization #expands (0.85)
• Truman-era aid policy racialized Arabs as irresponsible extremists by nature #expands (0.84)
• The global war on terror ideology originated in Israeli religious-right domestic politics #expands (0.82) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 445
• The 1984 conference fused Israeli, neocon, and Orientalist voices into a terrorism ideology #expands (0.82) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 443
• Neoconservatives and Israel pushed Islamism as the post-Soviet enemy #expands (0.80)
• US cold-war policymakers racialized Arabs as inherently prone to extremism #corroborates (0.80)
• US foreign policy reframed Arab resistance to hegemony as racial terrorism #expands (0.78) — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 607