Philosophy of religion applies rational critical thinking to religious phenomena.

Evidence

Philosophy, as I shall understand the word, is something intermediate between theology and science. Like theology, it consists of speculations on matters as to which definite knowledge has, so far, been unascertainable; but like science, it appeals to human reason rather than to authority, whether that of tradition or that of revelation. All definite knowledge—so I should contend—belongs to science; all dogma as to what surpasses definite knowledge belongs to theology. But between theology and science there is a No Man’s Land, exposed to attack from both sides; this No Man’s Land is philosophy. — Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, 40 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim
• XREF: connects to: Philosophy critically examines the ideals that structure how people live.; Philosophy occupies a contested intellectual middle ground between theology and science — Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, 40

Related

• Philosophy occupies a contested intellectual middle ground between theology and science (similarity 0.90)
• Philosophy is attacked for its form by religion and its content by philosophy (similarity 0.85)
• Philosophy divides into scientific questions and extrarational commitments (similarity 0.82)

Broader Connections

• Philosophy critically examines the ideals that structure how people live. #expands (0.60)
• Philosophy occupies a contested intellectual middle ground between theology and science #expands (0.50) — Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, 40