Orientalism reshaping into new policy forms outlifted eroding legal restrictions
Evidence
On one front, immigration restrictions against Muslims were eroding, but the Orientalism that fed the restrictions fluidly mutated into other forms of state policy and programming. — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 198
Categorization
- XREF: This is the mutation mechanism the reader specifies — how structural Islamophobia shifts form while persisting — echoing the dialectic and connecting to Rana’s apparatus of successive policy forms. — connects to: Orientalism began as discourse before hardening into material institutions and state policy. — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 160; The Middle East itself is a product of Orientalist construction. — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 161; Orientalism supplied the pre-existing tropes that the War on Terror redeployed against Muslims (+6 more)
- corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 198
Broader Connections
- US post-war hegemony repurposed Orientalism and modernization theory to justify empire.
#corroborates(0.75) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 28 - Orientalism supplied the pre-existing tropes that the War on Terror redeployed against Muslims
#expands(0.70) - Questioning multiculturalism opened a path from policy critique to blaming Muslims
#expands(0.65) — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 360 - Orientalism converted Muslim identity from a religion into a race.
#expands(0.60) — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 161