Muslim microaggressions stem from state policies that racialize them

Evidence

David Embrick, Silvia Dominguez, and Baran Karsak (2017) argue that racial microaggressions should be understood structurally. This concept is also useful in understanding how Muslim encounters with racial microand macroaggressions stem from state policies that target and racialize Muslims. — Saher Selod, Forever Suspect_ Racialized…, 559

Categorization

• XREF: Grounds the reader’s core causal claim that surveillance racializes Muslims — state policy is the cause, not just social attitudes. Connects to Beydoun’s state-surveillance framing. — connects to: The national security state has racialized Muslims into a category vulnerable to premature death. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of…, 52; A small network of model bills drove state anti-sharia and federal Muslim bans — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 290
• DEFINE: Explains the structural (not psychological) account of microaggressions being applied to Muslims.