Minority-protection systems never intended permanently alienated resident populations

Evidence

17 De Mello Franco, representative of Brazil on the Council of the League of Nations, put the problem very clearly: “It seems to me obvious that those who conceived this system of protection did not dream of creating within certain States a group of inhabitants who would regard themselves as permanently foreign to the general organization of the country” (Macartney, op. cit., p. 277). — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 2502

Categorization

• XREF: This is the core tension the whole chapter develops: the minority treaty regime inadvertently manufactured permanent internal foreigners, which the Islamophobia readings can analogize to how groups are constructed as permanent outsiders within a nation.