Military oppression of a nation also needs the politico-military terrain to be explained

Evidence

A typical example, which can serve as a limiting case, is the relation involved in a State’s military oppression of a nation seeking to attain its national independence. The relation is not purely military, but politico-military; indeed this type of oppression would be inexplicable if it were not for the state of social disintegration of the oppressed people, and the passivity of the majority among them; consequently independence cannot be won with purely military forces, it requires both military and politico-military. … The oppressed nation will therefore initially oppose the dominant military force with a force which is only “politico-military”, that is to say a form of political action which has the virtue of provoking repercussions of a military character in the sense: 1. that it has the capacity to destroy the war potential of the dominant nation from within; 2. that it compels the dominant military force to thin out and disperse itself over a large territory, thus nullifying a great part of its war potential. — Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 765

Categorization

• DEFINE: Introduces the politico-military distinction: political action that provokes military repercussions by dispersing and exhausting the oppressor’s force.
• XREF: Connects to the toolkit theme of colonialism and resistance — the mechanism of how a dominated people breaks hegemony from within prefigures later anti-colonial and Islamophobia readings.
• SEED: Article angle: the politico-military concept as a lens on modern resistance movements where cultural/political action precedes and enables military struggle.