Medieval societies recognized multiple overlapping bonds and authorities.

Evidence

Still, the new industrial society retained many of the hierarchical motifs of the older feudal world in its patterns of affiliation based on class, race, occupation, religion, ethnicity, sex, and the leviathans of mass society: its corporations, workplaces, unions, churches, political parties, civic groups, and school systems. This new world order of the mass and its bureaucratic logic of concentration, centralization, standardization, and administration still provided solid anchors, guidelines, and goals for each life. — Shoshana Zuboff, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism, 106 (#complicates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Medieval subaltern groups could ally upward while classical slaves could not — Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 1867; Medieval Christendom and Islam recognized overlapping bonds instead of single sovereign authority.; Medieval Europe held multiple coexisting frameworks for situating Islam — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 1067 (+6 more)

Broader Connections

• Medieval Christendom and Islam recognized overlapping bonds instead of single sovereign authority. #corroborates (0.97)
• Industrial mass society preserved feudal affiliation patterns while substituting bureaucratic anchors #complicates (0.74) — Shoshana Zuboff, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism, 106