Medieval polemicists conflated Qur’an and hadith authorship by Muhammad

Evidence

San Pedro’s criticism was unsound in that it depended on the assumption that Muhammad was not only the author of the Qur’an but also of the traditions and of the kitab al-mi‘raj; a single author would indeed be inconsistent. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 2225

Categorization

• XREF: Shows how Christian polemic constructed an internally contradictory ‘Islam’ by erasing the distinction between Qur’an, hadith, and later texts — echoing the vault’s pattern of ‘Islam’ manufactured as a single coherent enemy object rather than an internally diverse tradition.