Medieval Muslims were cast as dog-headed men, demons, and Antichrist figures

Evidence

Muslims exist as a diverse set of characters in the Middle Ages. As we shall see, Prophet Muhammad was at times cast as a heretic, at other times as a schismatic, or as the Antichrist, or a frightening monster. Muslims, called Saracens for much of the medieval period, were depicted as frightening hordes that signaled the End of Days, as a monstrous race, dog-headed men, demons, and more rarely, as the “chivalric counterparts of Christian knights.” — Sophia Rose Arjana, Muslims in the Western Imagination, 85

Categorization

• DEFINE: Names the specific monster taxon (dog-headed men, demons, hordes) the reader’s inquiry catalogs.
• SEED: The dog-headed men figure is a striking image — the idea that Muslims were depicted as cynocephali is an essay-worthy monster genealogy.