Local township militancy arose indigenously before the ANC organized it

Evidence

Bozzoli insists on the indigenous origins of Alexandra’s shift to militancy, and portrays the ANC as seeking to catch up with and co-opt township militancy rather than to organize it. She sees the state’s shift from township “welfare paternalism” to “racial modernism” during the 1960s and 1970s as having shaped a new militant generation in Alexandra and elsewhere. … Youth groups initiated the renaming of local zones, streets, and schools for nationally visible leaders and symbols. They likewise spearheaded the people’s courts and attack squads that enforced boycotts, mounted anticrime campaigns, necklaced accused witches or informers, and threatened locals who remained on local councils. — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 607

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the reader’s Tilly interest: whether state governance form (welfare paternalism to racial modernism) shapes repertoire content, a causal claim parallel to Tilly’s regime-type/repertoire matrix. — connects to: Older and younger activists supplied complementary governance styles during the township rising — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 608; Local warlords under apartheid played classic indirect-rule politics — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 592; Totalitarian leaders emerged from the mob before the masses they organized. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 776 (+4 more)
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 607

Broader Connections

• Older and younger activists supplied complementary governance styles during the township rising #expands (0.75) — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 608
• Totalitarian leaders emerged from the mob before the masses they organized. #expands (0.74) — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 776
• Pre-nineteenth-century empires ruled indirectly through autonomous regional power-holders. #expands (0.74) — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 182
• Remote colonial subregions ran on delegated autonomy of junior officials #expands (0.73) — Ann Laura Stoler, Along the Archival Grain_ Epistemic…, 1019
• Local warlords under apartheid played classic indirect-rule politics #expands (0.72) — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 592
• Different local conditions produced rival revolutionary strategies in early Italian communism #exemplifies (0.72) — Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 67
• An entrenched African proletariat and ANC-CP alliance enabled apartheid’s defeat. #qualifies (0.72) — Aijaz Ahmad, In Theory, 54