Late-1960s empire crisis birthed black criminal and brown terrorist jointly
Evidence
More broadly, the attempt to resuscitate empire/colonialism, after successful national liberation movements had discredited colonialism not only in the minds of the colonized but also sympathetic sections in Western nations, provided the context for the evolution of terrorist racial formation. Moreover, the global economic crisis and the crisis of US imperialism in the late 1960s and 1970s created the conditions, I have argued, for two simultaneous racial projects: the criminalization of blacks and the terrorization of Arabs (and later Iranians, Muslims, and South Asians). The “black criminal” and the “brown terrorist” were birthed in the womb of a national security state seeking to quell threats to the restoration of US economic and political hegemony through the logic of counterinsurgency. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 249
Categorization
- XREF: Central to the reader’s MOC thread: proposes ‘empire in crisis’ as the generative mechanism linking black criminalization and Arab terrorization, and anchors the 1967-79 timeframe the reader wants evidence for. — connects to: The black criminal and brown terrorist were twin products of empire in crisis — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of…, 237; In 1960s America Islam signified both Black radicalism and foreign menace — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 1055; Economic crisis birthed twin racial projects criminalizing blacks and Arabs — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of…, 237 (+3 more)
Broader Connections
- Economic crisis birthed twin racial projects criminalizing blacks and Arabs
#corroborates(0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 237 - In 1960s America Islam signified both Black radicalism and foreign menace
#corroborates(0.80) — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 1055 - Conversion to Islam fused Black radicalism and foreign menace in white 1960s imagination
#corroborates(0.80) — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 1055 - Postwar empire-building and the Israel partnership produced the racialized Arab terrorist category
#expands(0.80) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 91 - Terrorism racialization evolved from Arabs to Iranians and South Asians from the late 1960s
#expands(0.75) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 215