Italian factory occupations proceeded peacefully with workers directly managing production

Evidence

Occupations proceeded in a relatively peaceful manner. Th e workers’ anthem was sung, and red fl ags were erected to the factory fences and chimneys. Battista Santhià, a worker on strike in Turin, described the experience: “In those days it really seemed like the future of the working class was in our hands. Th e master was overthrown from the factory which was directly managed by the workers.” — Clara E. Mattei, The Capital Order, 553

Categorization

• XREF: The peaceful, festive self-management of production connects to the reader’s existing interest in bottom-up economic alternatives to austerity-era capitalism. — connects to: Italian Red Biennium workers built self-governed production institutions across land and factories — Clara E. Mattei, Escape from Capitalism, 186; Workers’ factory occupations in Milan operated as self-governing territories without police presence; Italian elites saw the factories occupation as a near-revolutionary moment that was not seized — Clara E. Mattei, The Capital Order: How Economists…, 1679 (+2 more)

Broader Connections

• Italian elites saw the factories occupation as a near-revolutionary moment that was not seized #complicates (0.85) — Clara E. Mattei, The Capital Order, 1679
• Italian workers seized factory production across sixty cities in 1920 #expands (0.85) — Clara E. Mattei, Escape from Capitalism, 10