Islamophobia has material and political causes beyond ignorance or xenophobia

Evidence

If we persist in portraying Islamophobia as an irrational force of misperception—the bad citizen’s response to the bad Muslim—we will render ourselves oblivious to Islamophobia’s ultimate causes, which are not simply ignorance or xenophobia. Pastor Terry Jones is rightly criticized for both, but he has never invaded and occupied an independent (Muslim-majority) nation-state, authorized the torture of (Muslim) alien combatants held in secret prisons, killed hundreds of innocent (Muslim) people in unmanned drone attacks, propped up (Muslim) dictators against the will of their (Muslim) subjects, and given orders to detain, deport, and assassinate (Muslim) terror suspects without trial. — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 706

Categorization

• SEED: The ‘bad citizen/bad Muslim’ framing is a sharp rhetorical structure worth an essay: how a two-sided moral panic mirrors itself.
• XREF: Connects to the reader’s project of relocating the problem from ‘them’ to ‘us’ — this is the chapter explicitly naming US foreign policy as the cause. — connects to: The Crusades were tied to enduring European xenophobia rooted in Greek thought; Professional Islamophobia is a career path of deliberately manufacturing anti-Muslim fear — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 435; Islamophobia is systemic and institutionalized, not merely individual prejudice — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 641 (+65 more)
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 706

Broader Connections

• Islamophobia is political rather than religious and must be fought politically #corroborates (0.80) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 576