Intellectuals either serve existing power or align with emerging popular forces.

Evidence

The principal agents are intellectuals who have a specialized responsibility for the circulation and development of culture and ideology and who either align themselves with the existing dispositions of social and intellectual forces (“traditional” intellectuals) or align themselves with the emerging popular forces and seek to elaborate new currents of ideas (“organic” intellectuals). — Stuart Hall, Essential Essays, Volume 2, 126

Categorization

• DEFINE: Defines traditional vs. organic intellectuals — a crucial distinction for analyzing who produces Islamophobic knowledge.
• XREF: connects to: Proletariat and intellectuals need each other mutually for revolution — Dirk Braunstein, Adorno’s Critique of Political Economy, 266; Intellectuals assume functional systems must be good, but efficient evil can persist — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1080; Renewed pan-Arab rhetoric principally legitimizes existing authoritarian regimes. — Youssef Cherif, Neo-pan-Arabism: a renewed contract of…, 64 (+1 more)