Housing discrimination, not just law, produced northern school segregation

Evidence

A discriminatory practice called “redlining” by banks and real estate companies prevented black families from moving into white neighborhoods. When a black family succeeded in attaining housing in areas dominated by whites, there were often violent consequences; white residents organized, black homes were vandalized, and the family members were accosted (Sugrue, 2005). Consequently, as in the South, schools too became deeply segregated, not by law but by where people were allowed to live. — Rebecca A. Martusewicz, Jeff Edmundson, and John Lupinacci, EcoJustice Education, 1182

Categorization

• XREF: Shows the housing-school-environment linkage central to environmental racism threads in the polyad. — connects to: Northern whites expressed abundant support for segregation — Ibram X. Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning: The…, 979; Residential segregation by race persisted independent of class and education through 1970 — John T. Jost and Jim Sidanius, Political Psychology: Key Readings, 3348; Outlawing explicit race measures resegregates schools through residential sorting — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race: Reflections on…, 394 (+5 more)

Broader Connections

• Residential segregation was deliberately constructed, not natural or market-driven #corroborates (0.95) — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up, 340
• Northern whites expressed abundant support for segregation #corroborates (0.85) — Ibram X. Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning, 979
• Outlawing explicit race measures resegregates schools through residential sorting #expands (0.82) — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 394
• Residential segregation by race persisted independent of class and education through 1970 #corroborates (0.80) — John T. Jost and Jim Sidanius, Political Psychology, 3348
• Black segregation rose from white avoidance, not black housing preferences #corroborates (0.80)
• Federal housing programs institutionalized residential segregation through redlining and demolition #corroborates (0.80) — Nikole Hannah-Jones et al., The 1619 Project, 1196
• Black residence shifted from southern rural areas to hyper-segregated northern cities #corroborates (0.75) — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 367
• Residential segregation is central to reproducing social inequality #expands (0.72) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 2433