Having, doing, and being are the three cardinal categories subsuming all human conduct.

Evidence

“HAVING,” “doing,” and “being” are the cardinal categories of human reality. Under them are subsumed all types of human conduct. Knowing, for example, is a modality of having. These categories are not without connection with one another, and several writers have emphasized these ties. Denis de Rougemont is throwing light on this kind of relation when he writes in his article on Don Juan, “He was not capable of having.” Again a similar connection is indicated when a moral agent is represented as doing in order to “do himself” and “doing himself” in order to be. — Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness, 1061

Categorization

  • DEFINE: Introduces the threefold ontological grid (having/doing/being) that organizes the closing analysis of human reality.
  • XREF: connects to: Every human act expresses the whole person, not a fragment — Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness: An Essay on…, 1334

Broader Connections