Expulsion from rights-bearing community constitutes a different order than mere discrimination

Evidence

Communities without the right to have rights are significantly different from communities who are merely discriminated against. They are constituted as a different order of humanity altogether by virtue of having no political community willing to guarantee their rights, and whatever is meted out to the ‘rightless’ becomes of no concern to others. Indeed, their very expulsion from political community fortifies the nation state. — Sherene Razack, Casting Out, 34

Categorization

• XREF: The rightless-vs-discriminated distinction is operationally distinct from definitional disputes over ‘Islamophobia’ — a key test for the MOC thesis. — connects to: Specialized legal regimes for organized labor do not extend rights to other groups — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 1197