Environmental racism comprises siting, enforcement, and exclusion of people of color from decisions

Evidence

Benjamin Chavis, then head of the United Church of Christ’s Commission on Racial Justice (1987), defined the term ‘environmental racism’ as racial discrimination in the enforcement of environmental laws, the siting of toxic waste disposal and polluting industries, and the exclusion of people of color from environmental decision-making (Chavis 1993: 3). — David Schlosberg, Defining Environmental Justice, 190

Categorization

• DEFINE: Chavis’s canonical definition names all three injustice strands — distribution (siting), procedure (exclusion from decisions) — in one concise formulation.
• XREF: Chavis’s tri-part definition visibly anticipates Schlosberg’s distributive/procedural/recognition typology, tying this chapter directly into the book’s analytic framework. — connects to: Both mainstream environmentalism and civil rights ignored poor communities of color — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up: Environmental…, 112; Analyzing environmental racism requires structural, procedural, and normative frames jointly — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up: Environmental…, 334; Black EPA staffers privately told activists about racist working conditions in the EPA — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up: Environmental…, 923 (+7 more)
• recurring: this claim recurs 2 times within its source

Broader Connections

• Environmental injustice includes both disproportionate risk and exclusion from decisions #exemplifies (0.90) — David Schlosberg, Defining Environmental Justice, 200
• Global environmental justice movements target misrecognition, exclusion, and incapacity alongside inequity #expands (0.82) — David Schlosberg, Defining Environmental Justice, 298
• Environmental injustice persists without racist intent because bias is structurally embedded #expands (0.80) — David Schlosberg, Defining Environmental Justice, 221
• Distributive environmental justice requires equal treatment across race, class, and education. #complicates (0.75) — David Schlosberg, Defining Environmental Justice, 211
• Racially harmful policies are enacted under facially neutral justifications #expands (0.75) — Dorothy A. Brown, The Whiteness of Wealth, 563