Enforced converts used ritual purity to make Christian mass count as Islamic prayer.

Evidence

The “converts” would wish to be ritually pure according to the Islamic precepts at mass, because they would wish their enforced attendance at the Christian service to count as an acceptable substitute for the canonical Islamic prayer. Fernando de Toledo for his part seems to have been trying to make sure they arrived at church decently unwashed, because Christianity does not make cleanliness at times of prayer a ritual requirement, whereas Islam does! It must have been his way of ensuring that they attended church as an act of purely Christian worship that could not be subverted so as to count as a substitute Islamic prayer. — L. P. Harvey, Muslims in Spain, 1500 to 1614, 290

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to coercion-imposed religious conformity and resistance through ritual reinterpretation — echoes the earlier discussion of institutional substitution in the law-merchant readings, and the general theme of covert compliance.
• SEED: A genuine article angle: how subordinated groups weaponize external ritual requirements by reinterpreting them — ritual as a covert site of theological resistance.