Enduring intergroup inequality does not require hostile feelings or derogatory stereotypes.

Evidence

In gender relations, marked by pervasive social distance mechanisms and dense personal contacts across group lines, there is barely any ideological rift or own-group preference between groups, and women are categorically stereotyped by both groups with positive, communal traits. None of the intergroup relations (race, gender, or class) corresponds to the expectations of Allport’s prejudice model, i.e., free-ranging, hostile feelings or unmitigated, derogatory stereotypes. And yet all three intergroup relations have marked inequalities between groups in economic outcomes, status, and power, and pronounced tendencies among dominant group members to maintain these inequalities. — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 663

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the reader’s broader interest in how dominance is maintained through positive rather than hostile ideology, echoing Gramsci’s hegemony and contemporary racial-progress narratives.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice: Fifty Years…, 663