Electoral irregularities can stem from incompetence rather than manipulation

Evidence

While thousands of voters were excluded from the voters’ registry, these flaws were caused by mismanagement, rather than deliberate manipulation (Rakner & Svåsand, 2005: 91). — Johan Brosché and Hanne Fjelde and Kristine Höglund, Electoral violence and the legacy of…, 85

Categorization

• DEFINE: Excellent operational distinction: separating competence-based failures from deliberate electoral manipulation refines the definitional boundary of what counts as coercion.
• XREF: connects to: Political acts can be erroneous, not merely structural reflexes; Local officials committed electoral fraud because opposition parties lacked poll observers. — Abdi Ismail Samatar, Africa’s First Democrats, 668; Trivial procedural errors become conspiracy fodder against an unwelcome president — Anna Merlan, Republic of Lies, 170

Related

• Local officials committed electoral fraud because opposition parties lacked poll observers. (similarity 0.88)

Broader Connections

• Political acts can be erroneous, not merely structural reflexes #corroborates (0.85)
• Local officials committed electoral fraud because opposition parties lacked poll observers. #qualifies (0.75) — Abdi Ismail Samatar, Africa’s First Democrats, 668