Early Arabic study in Europe served Christian scripture and ritual

Evidence

I note in passing that the early Arabic vocabularies and grammars were associated with Christian Scripture and ritual (for references, see Dannenfeldt, bibliography, list C) ; this is true even of Kirsten, whose primary affection was for Avicenna. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 2456

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to Aziz/Razack claims: the apparatus of ‘knowing Islam’ in the West was not neutral scholarship but a Christian theological instrument from its origins.