Early American nationalisms did not depend on language difference

Evidence

All, including the USA, were creole states, formed and led by people who shared a common language and common descent with those against whom they fought. Indeed, it is fair to say that language was never even an issue in these early struggles for national liberation. — Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities, 212

Categorization

• XREF: Directly challenges the European-nationalism assumption (later Gellner/Anderson’s own print-language thesis) that the Islamophobia field and Anderson’s later chapters build on language as national boundary marker. — connects to: Popular nationalism reproduced exclusion by demanding linguistic uniformity — Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on…, 386; Language, not sight, is the primary organ of patriotic attachment — Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on…, 582; Nationalism originated in the New World colonies, not in Europe’s ethnolinguistic movements — Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on…, 22 (+4 more)
• ADDENDUM: Connects to how ‘creole’ nationalisms rest on shared descent and language with the colonizer — relevant to reading Muslim-majority nationalisms that also broke from empires without language difference as the axis.

Related

• Later European nationalisms differed from American ones in print-language centrality and visible models. (similarity 0.88)
• Nationalism originated in the New World colonies, not in Europe’s ethnolinguistic movements (similarity 0.84)
• Colonial subjects imagined nations before most of Europe did (similarity 0.83)
• Colonial nationalists copied and adapted European national models (similarity 0.81)
• Early USA was just another creole-led revolutionary state, sometimes more reactionary. (similarity 0.81)
• Nationalism was invented in colonial Creole societies, not Europe. (similarity 0.80)
• The nation is conceived in language, not in blood (similarity 0.80)
• Creole revolutionaries sought to preserve parallelism, not to overthrow the Old World (similarity 0.80)
• National consciousness forms through language and literature, not only through shared ancestry (similarity 0.79)
• Language, not sight, is the primary organ of patriotic attachment (similarity 0.79)
• Peoples without states fell back on language and ethnicity as national identity (similarity 0.79)
• Languages came to be seen as the property of specific national communities (similarity 0.79)
• Linguistic distinctions were extended to claim ontological differences between peoples (similarity 0.78)
• Bilingualism gave colonial intelligentsias access to modular models of nationalism (similarity 0.78)

Broader Connections

• Later European nationalisms differed from American ones in print-language centrality and visible models. #contradicts (0.80) — Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities, 284
• Peoples without states fell back on language and ethnicity as national identity #qualifies (0.75)