Distinct minority group members show higher satisfaction and self-esteem than majorities.

Evidence

In later research, Leonardelli (1998) and Leonardelli and Brewer (2001) demonstrated that group members of minority status experienced greater satisfaction and higher self-esteem than those in the majority. In contrast to majority group members, individuals belonging to a distinct minority group expressed greater group identification and self-stereotyping (Brewer & Weber, 1994; see also Ellemers, Kortekaas, & Ouwerkerk, 1999; Leary & Baumeister, 2000; Major, Sciacchitano, & Crocker 1993; Simon & Hamilton, 1994). — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 1422

Categorization

• QUESTION: Does this advantage hold across all minority types or only valued/cohesive in-groups? Curious whether it reverses under stigma.