Death belongs to facticity, not to freedom, and transforms us into the outside.
Evidence
Thus we must conclude in opposition to Heidegger that death, far from being my peculiar possibility, is a contingent fact which as such on principle escapes me and originally belongs to my facticity. I can neither discover my death nor wait for it nor adopt an attitude toward it, for it is that which is revealed as undiscoverable, that which disarms all waiting, that which slips into all attitudes (and particularly into those which are assumed with respect to death) so as to transform them into externalized and fixed conducts whose meaning is forever entrusted to others and not to ourselves, Death is a pure fact as is birth; it comes to us from outside and it transforms us into the outside. At bottom it is in no way distinguished from birth, and it is the identity of birth and death that we call facticity. — Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness, 1268
Categorization
- DEFINE: Defines facticity through the identity of birth and death - a core ontological term for the whole system.
- XREF: This directly overturns Heidegger’s being-unto-death, the central foil; also prefigures Beauvoir’s treatment of death and contingency. — connects to: The ultimate possibility is the unitary synthesis of all actual possibles, not death.; Death converts the for-itself into an in-itself that only others can interpret — Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness: An Essay on…, 1259; Authentic existence requires accepting that we will die — Sarah Bakewell, At the Existentialist Café: Freedom,…, 292 (+4 more)
Broader Connections
- Death converts the for-itself into an in-itself that only others can interpret
#expands(0.95) — Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness, 1259 - At death a life becomes an in-itself whose meaning only others sustain.
#expands(0.90) — Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness, 63 - Recognizing death’s contingency actually frees us from its alleged constraint.
#contradicts(0.75) - Authentic existence requires accepting that we will die
#qualifies(0.72) — Sarah Bakewell, At the Existentialist Café, 292 - Interiorizing death makes it a personal, responsible feature of a unique life
#qualifies(0.72) - Being-towards-death means accepting finitude as the core of authentic existence
#qualifies(0.72) — Sarah Bakewell, At the Existentialist Café, 292