Crusading ended a prior era of routine Christian-Muslim negotiation

Evidence

With the Crusades, the world had moved far from Gregory VII’s direct negotiations of 1078, his personal recommendation of protégés to a Muslim ruler. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 656

Categorization

• XREF: A usable datapoint for the Anidjar thread: the West’s relation to Islam was not always constituted purely by enmity — an earlier diplomatic register existed before the Crusades hardened the boundary.