Colonial citizenship for mixed-race people required proof of French culture plus white features

Evidence

According to this decree, if a metis could provide proof of his or her French culture, this along with his or her white features was sufficient for citizenship. — Alice L. Conklin, A Mission to Civilize_ The Republican…, 1281

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies the specific legal criterion of the 1930 metis decree in AOF: French culture plus physically white traits together unlocked citizenship, formalizing race as a legal category.
• XREF: connects to: State commissions manufactured ethnic categories and attached graded citizenship rights to them — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 560