CIA-trained Afghan mujahideen produced the terrorist attacks against America

Evidence

What shifted during this period was that nonstate actors who resorted to terrorist tactics in their war against the West became a thorn in the Americans’ side. Beyond al-Qaeda, many of the militants who had fought in Afghanistan either returned home or traveled to Bosnia, Kashmir, and elsewhere to carry on the holy war. Their training and war experience with the CIA and the Pakistani intelligence agency ISI gave them the knowledge they needed to use violent tactics to advance their goals. This was a rather inconvenient outcome for the United States. The 1993 World Trade Center bombing attempt brought home the point that the forces the United States had enabled through the Afghan war could create blowback. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 269

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to Chalmers Johnson’s ‘blowback’ concept and to the reader’s Grover-adjacent sources on US-funded jihad in Afghanistan. — connects to: US support for the mujahideen inadvertently seeded the creation of al-Qaeda — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 257; The rescue narrative about Afghan women erased US complicity in Taliban empowerment; CIA aid to Afghan mujahideen predated the Soviet invasion by six months — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 249 (+6 more)

Broader Connections

• The same Islamist figures who denounced the US conspired with the CIA against nationalists #complicates (0.60) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 370