Christian legend fabricated miracles Muslims never claimed, drawing on pagan sources

Evidence

In quite a different category are those false miracles, which no Muslim ever claimed, but which entered early into Christian legend about Islam: the dove that whispered in the Prophet’s ear, the bull that bore the Law in its horns, and so on. To Vincent they suggested the ‘model of Moses’ but really they are pagan, non-Arabic and non-Islamic in origin; see Ziolecki. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 2013 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Similarly San Pedro identified the angel who was the vehicle of revelation in Islamic eyes with the dove, trained by Muhammad, of which Christian legend spoke; he identified the Muslim story of ox or bull that spoke miraculously for Muhammad with the Christian tale of a bull bearing the bogus book of the Law on his horns. … In practice he did not treat either series as certainly true; he treated them as being to an unknown extent mutually confirmatory. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 1314 (#complicates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Christians invented false miracles about Muhammad that Muslims never claimed. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 2013; Medieval Christian polemics reinterpreted Islamic miracles as fraudulent tricks — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 1314; Christian depictions of Islam emerged from literary mythology, not lived contact — Sophia Rose Arjana, Muslims in the Western Imagination, 144 (+1 more)

Broader Connections

• Christians invented false miracles about Muhammad that Muslims never claimed. #corroborates (0.95) — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 2013
• Medieval Christian writers sometimes preserved authentic Islamic legends about Muhammad #complicates (0.80)
• Medieval Christian polemics reinterpreted Islamic miracles as fraudulent tricks #complicates (0.75) — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 1314