Caesarism is a polemical formula that can operate through parliaments without any heroic person

Evidence

Besides, Caesarism is a polemical-ideological formula, and not a canon of historical interpretation. A Caesarist solution can exist even without a Caesar, without any great, “heroic” and representative personality. The parliamentary system has also provided a mechanism for such compromise solutions. The “Labour” governments of MacDonald were to a certain degree solutions of this kind; and the degree of Caesarism increased when the government was formed which had MacDonald as its head and a Conservative majority. — Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 855

Categorization

• XREF: Gramsci’s claim that a ‘Caesarist’ mechanism need not involve a great personality, operating instead through routine parliamentary machinery, foreshadows how authority can be exercised impersonally through bureaucratic apparatus—relevant to how the reader will later trace structural rather than personal exclusion.