Black property owners faced escalating tactics from covenants to eminent domain to lynching

Evidence

Across the country, black Americans faced barriers to landownership through devices such as sundown towns, racially restrictive covenants, and federal governmental discrimination. If they managed to overcome these hurdles and become property owners, then they faced tactics designed to strip them of their property, such as state exercise of eminent domain powers. When all else failed, white Americans could fall back on the tried-and-true method of lynching. — Dorothy A. Brown, Getting to Reparations, 325

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Eminent domain threats once forced wealthy landowners to donate parkway land — Robert A. Caro, The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the…, 802; Indianapolis institutions and suburbs occupy land taken from Black families and Native nations — Andrew L. Whitehead, American Idolatry, 39; Segregationist leaders staged mob intimidation while posing as protectors to force black homebuyers out. — Kevin M. Kruse, White Flight: Atlanta and the Making of…, 133 (+1 more)