Anti-Chinese violence killed hundreds and expelled thousands from western homes

Evidence

Hatred did not express itself only in laws, ordinances, and formal exclusions. It expressed itself, all too often, in murderous violence. In the 1880s, riots in Rock Springs, Wyoming, ended with twenty-​eight dead Chinese. In Oregon, in 1887, a group of whites murdered thirty-​one Chinese miners and stole their gold dust. A careful and conservative estimate found 153 incidents of violence against Chinese in the West, between 1852 and 1908. In these outbreaks, 143 Chinese died, and over 10,000 Chinese were driven from homes or places of work. — Lawrence M. Friedman, A History of American Law, 2966

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Anti-Chinese violence far exceeded any anti-European nativism — John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of…, 151

Broader Connections

• Anti-Chinese violence far exceeded any anti-European nativism #expands (0.85) — John Higham, Strangers in the Land, 151