Anti-bias interventions can backfire by threatening the group they regulate.

Evidence

Furthermore, bills such as this one could also be threatening to callers who believe that they should have a right to call 911 whenever they believe there is imminent danger. To this end this bill might backfire, resulting in even more negative intergroup contact, similar to how messages that promote diversity in organizations are threatening to White individuals (Dover, Major, & Kaiser, 2016). Although to our knowledge there is no empirical work looking at threat generated by such bills, it is likely that the effects could be similar. — Joseph Avery, Jim Sidanius, Joel Cooper, Gregory Davis, Amanda N., Bias in the Law, 280

Categorization

• XREF: Directly speaks to the reader’s research question about rational correction backfiring against threat-hardened beliefs — connects to diversity-message threat findings (Dover, Major & Kaiser). — connects to: Control-oriented policing provokes the hostility it predicts among stopped minorities. — Michael Lipsky, Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of…, 905; Aggressive judicial remedies can backfire and worsen the condition they aim to fix. — G. Alan Tarr, Judicial Process and Judicial…, 1564
• SEED: Could seed an essay on legal anti-bias remedies as threats that trigger reactance, given no direct empirical test has been run on 911 bills.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Joseph Avery, Jim Sidanius, Joel Cooper, Gregory Davis, Amanda N., Bias in the Law: A Definitive Look at…, 280