After December 1960 the army, not the pieds noirs, drove events in Algeria

Evidence

ENTERING its sixth year, the Algerian war had already lasted longer than the First World War and longer than American participation in the Second. Now, as the new year of 1960 approached, it was about to bring with it events that would seal the fate of Algérie française. All that followed in the final two years of the struggle would be little more than a fore-ordained postscript. And the first notes of the tocsin would be sounded, not by the Muslims or the F.L.N., but by the pieds noirs themselves. — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 1065 (#contradicts, via linked claim)

To Ben Khedda, speaking many years afterwards, the Muslim demonstration of December 1960 represented the “decisive turning-point of the war”, and it is a view with which many French historians concur. To Albert-Paul Lentin it represented a “Dien Bien Phu of official propaganda”. — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 1319 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: The army viewed any negotiated ceasefire as toppling its war effort in Algeria; The army, not the pieds noirs, drove events for six months from late 1960.; December 1960’s Muslim demonstrations decisively turned the Algerian war (+9 more)

Related

• December 1960’s Muslim demonstrations decisively turned the Algerian war (similarity 0.91)
• The December 1960 riots ended de Gaulle’s multiracial Algeria vision (similarity 0.87)
• The pieds noirs, not Muslims, triggered the events sealing Algérie française’s fate (similarity 0.86)
• The F.L.N.’s planned December demonstration exploded far beyond organizers’ expectations. (similarity 0.86)
• The failed December 1960 coup irrevocably committed part of the French army to revolt (similarity 0.85)
• December’s lesson reshaped de Gaulle’s subsequent Algeria policy (similarity 0.85)
• December 1960’s riots shattered three founding myths of French Algeria (similarity 0.85)
• The December 1960 Muslim demonstration reversed the war’s momentum (similarity 0.84)
• The army, not the pieds noirs, drove events for six months from late 1960. (similarity 0.83)
• December 1960’s violence destroyed de Gaulle’s multi-racial Algérie algérienne vision (similarity 0.83)
• Army officers saw the Algerian war as both career security and a noble cause. (similarity 0.82)
• By late 1960 both Muslim and European Algerians had lost faith in de Gaulle (similarity 0.82)
• The Algerian war’s decisive turning point came from the pieds noirs, not the FLN. (similarity 0.82)
• The 1960 Algerian debate polarized France between two manifestos. (similarity 0.82)
• The French army’s 1940 humiliation fueled its determination not to lose Algeria. (similarity 0.81)

Broader Connections

• The Algerian war’s decisive turning point came from the pieds noirs, not the FLN. #contradicts (0.75) — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 1065
• December 1960’s Muslim demonstrations decisively turned the Algerian war #corroborates (0.70)
• De Gaulle publicly promised the army France would stay in Algeria in early 1960. #contradicts (0.70) — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 1143
• The December 1960 Muslim demonstration reversed the war’s momentum #corroborates (0.70) — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 1319
• December 1960’s riots shattered three founding myths of French Algeria #expands (0.60)
• December’s lesson reshaped de Gaulle’s subsequent Algeria policy #expands (0.60)
• The failed December 1960 coup irrevocably committed part of the French army to revolt #qualifies (0.60) — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 1332
• The December 1960 riots ended de Gaulle’s multiracial Algeria vision #expands (0.55) — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 1312
• By late 1960 both Muslim and European Algerians had lost faith in de Gaulle #expands (0.55) — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 1276
• De Gaulle’s Algeria offensive aimed partly to distract the army from politics #responds-to (0.50) — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 952