Jameson Raid
The Jameson Raid was a failed 1895 military incursion into the South African Republic (Transvaal) led by Leander Starr Jameson, intended to overthrow the Boer government and triggered by mining magnates’ grievances. Its failure paradoxically strengthened the position of mine owners in negotiations with the Boers and ultimately precipitated British annexation of the gold-rich Transvaal.