Whiteness studies grew partly out of antifascist monitoring activism

Evidence

My own work on whiteness - which I did not realize at the time was part of a new wave - stemmed from my involvement 20 years ago in both feminist and antifascist politics. Working for a journal that monitored the far right in Britain and its links with international white supremacist groups, my tasks entailed photographing their meetings and demonstrations, reading their propaganda, and constantly trying to anticipate and undermine their next moves. — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 774

Categorization

• XREF: The journalist-as-monitor role parallels the intelligence-network framing from The Defeat of the Spanish Armada (Mendoza’s spy network) and the reputation-monitoring institutions in Milgrom.