Whether concepts overlap in the data is an empirical question, not a design assumption.

Evidence

The solution to the problems of typologies is to focus clearly on the concepts and ignore the typology. These concepts should be applied to all the observations in the scope independently. It might be the case that there is little overlap between the concepts in the data, but there might be significant overlap: this is an empirical as well as conceptual question. — Gary Goertz, Social Science Concepts and Measurement, 1343

Categorization

• DEFINE: State the Goertz move plainly: code each observation independently on every relevant concept, then let the degree of overlap fall out of the data rather than prescribing it upfront.