West Germany lacked any avant-garde school after 1945

Evidence

In West German painting and literature, there was nothing comparable to the Darmstadt school, no group that crystallized the international avant-garde. The Munich group `ZEN 49’, started by Willi Baumeister, Fritz Winter and Rupprecht Geiger, only reflected the German need to catch up in the area of abstract painting. … Advanced literary works were rare in the Federal Republic, and remained the preserve of controversial loners. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 546

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the book’s broader account of the Institute’s postwar restoration in a culturally impoverished West Germany. — connects to: West German arts lacked an avant-garde group to match the Darmstadt music school. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 2217; The term Frankfurt School emerged only after the Institut’s exile — Martin Jay, The Dialectical Imagination: A History…, 2144
• yield-rescued: below the book’s yield-target cutoff, included anyway for connecting to: West German arts lacked an avant-garde group to match the Darmstadt music school. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 2217; The term Frankfurt School emerged only after the Institut’s exile — Martin Jay, The Dialectical Imagination: A History…, 2144

Broader Connections

• The term Frankfurt School emerged only after the Institut’s exile #complicates (0.75) — Martin Jay, The Dialectical Imagination, 2144