Wahhabi clerics shifted their target from internal Muslim apostates to Jews and Christians.

Evidence

Ibn ʿAbd al-Wahha¯b and his immediate successors had shown relatively little concern for non-Muslims generally or for European inroads into the Middle East in particular. For them, Muslim apostates were the problem. But for Ibn Ba¯z and the other major Wahhabi clerics of his generation, Jews and Christians had become an existential threat. — Nadim N. Rouhana and Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, When Politics Are Sacralized, 1882

Categorization

• XREF: The 18th-century movement targeted fellow Muslims; only under modern Western pressure did Jews and Christians become the existential threat — a shift parallel to the manufactured-enemy dynamics in earlier chapters where internal others precede external ones. — connects to: The Saudi-sponsored English Qur’an interpolates Wahhabi doctrine while disavowing the connection. — Nadim N. Rouhana and Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, When Politics Are Sacralized:…, 1888; Wahhabism legitimizes itself by declaring nearly all other Muslims apostates — Nadim N. Rouhana and Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, When Politics Are Sacralized:…, 1847

Broader Connections

• Wahhabism legitimizes itself by declaring nearly all other Muslims apostates #expands (0.85) — Nadim N. Rouhana and Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, When Politics Are Sacralized, 1847