Vote-buying shaped the 1967 presidential election

Evidence

Zoppo, the minister of Interior, was a key player in maintaining some of the MPs. On one occasion he made the mistake of offering money to one of Osman’s loyal supporters. Osman found out about this after the election. “The other day Zoppo had told me that Abdi Bulle had refused to take 10 or 15 thousand Shillings that he wanted to give him for the election! They should raise a monument to Abdi Bille!” Osman, diary, June 20, 1967. — Abdi Ismail Samatar, Africa’s First Democrats, 1466