Voice differences include formant and temporal cues beyond fundamental frequency

Evidence

Using speech as the experimental stimulus has high ecological validity, as these are sounds that humans use and hear on a daily basis. However, natural speech stimuli can carry many other variations that might contribute to the benefits measured in this experiment. For example, while female voices have different fundamental frequencies than male voices, their speech has different formant frequencies and may also have temporal differences that facilitate the ability to separate sounds of interest from background sounds. Thus, interpreting data across multiple and different approaches allows better assessment of the mechanisms responsible for perception of natural stimuli. — Jennifer Lentz, Psychoacoustics- Perception of Normal…, 1318