Violence against accepted minorities differs fundamentally from violence aimed at eradicating heretics.

Evidence

This phenomenon of lumping together the enemies of the Catholic faith should not be exaggerated. It was one thing to be forced to listen to a Dominican sermon in one’s Barcelona mosque or synagogue, something else entirely to be massacred as a Cathar by the Albigensian crusaders. The same authors who associated Jews, Muslims, and heretics as the devil’s minions could distinguish their different social and legal statuses. There is a fundamental distinction between violence aimed at the eradication of a deviant group (the Cathar heretics) and coercion aimed at enforcing and maintaining the inferior social status of accepted groups (such as Jews and Muslims). — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 1364

Categorization

• DEFINE: Distinguishes eradication-violence against deviant groups from status-enforcing coercion against accepted but subordinated groups — a useful conceptual distinction.
• SEED: Essay angle: the legal and social difference between persecution aimed at annihilation versus persecution aimed at permanent subordination, and how regimes signal which they intend.