Victim-focused racism models trace a ladder from individual identity to systemic context

Evidence

In sum, the models described above build from the most microlevel of analysis (Nigresence) to the most macro (Universal Context of Racism). Together, they postulate a variety of mechanisms that link self and other judgments within and across race; incorporate cognitive representations of systemic forces in personal outcomes; and base well-being on a calculus of these multilevel representations. Although these approaches are not contrary to Allport, they take us well beyond his analysis of ego-defensive tactics. — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 1093

Categorization

• XREF: The micro-to-macro ladder of analysis recalls the levels-of-analysis schemes in evolutionary and social psychology (Tinbergen, Doise).