Utilitarian study of Islam serves commercial and government interests abroad.

Evidence

One utilitarian trend is to study Islamic attitudes in order to be able to live in a Muslim country without causing offence. This sort of study is generally pursued at an elementary level; its purpose is to avoid trouble for some commercial or government undertaking with a quick turnover of employees in Muslim countries. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 1715

Categorization

• XREF: Echoes Aziz’s and Razack’s account of how state/commercial interests instrumentalize knowledge about Muslim populations — here named openly as a purpose of scholarship.