US wealth accumulation repeatedly transferred black wealth to white hands.

Evidence

Most black Americans have not received any measure of justice. They never received the land they were promised at the end of the Civil War, for one thing. Instead, they were systematically denied the right to acquire property, thwarted in their attempts to purchase property, and stripped of the property they held legal title to. The story of wealth in America is a story of black wealth being converted into white wealth. That conversion often occurred invisibly, which makes it easier today for white beneficiaries to claim ignorance. — Dorothy A. Brown, Getting to Reparations, 450

Categorization

• XREF: The ‘black wealth converted into white wealth’ framing connects to Ta-Nehisi Coates’s ‘The Case for Reparations’ and to the redlining/sundown-town literature.