US conquest of the Sioux followed the classic stages of colonialism

Evidence

The logical progression of modern colonialism begins with economic penetration and graduates to a sphere of influence, then to protectorate status or indirect control, military occupation, and finally annexation. This corresponds to the process experienced by the Sioux people in relation to the United States. The economic penetration of fur traders brought the Sioux within the US sphere of influence. The transformation of Fort Laramie from a trading post, the center of Sioux trade, to a US Army outpost in the mid-nineteenth century indicates the integral relationship between trade and colonial control. Growing protectorate status established through treaties culminated in the 1868 Sioux treaty, followed by military occupation achieved by extreme exemplary violence, such as at Wounded Knee in 1890, and finally dependency. Annexation by the United States is marked symbolically by the imposition of US citizenship on the Sioux (and most other Indians) in 1924. — Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the…, 480

Categorization

• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the…, 480
• XREF: connects to: US Indian policy constitutes settler colonialism rather than mere discrimination — Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the…, 4; Unacknowledged wars against Indigenous peoples preceded global US total war — Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the…, 37; US founders designed westward expansion to seize Indigenous land (+9 more)

Broader Connections

• US founders designed westward expansion to seize Indigenous land #expands (0.70)
• Capitalist accumulation was built on colonial conquest and enslavement. #expands (0.70) — Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the…, 82
• The Sioux never wanted compensation because the land was never for sale #exemplifies (0.70) — Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the…, 522
• US founders designed westward territorial expansion from the nation’s outset #expands (0.60)
• The Sioux refused a $106 million award to reclaim the Black Hills #exemplifies (0.60) — Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the…, 519
• Colonists survived by seizing what Indigenous peoples had already built. #expands (0.50) — Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the…, 113
• Cannibal fiction legitimized European colonial territorial conquest #expands (0.35)
• Monologue rather than dialogue governed colonial encounters since the Hellenistic era #expands (0.30)
• Colonialism can be internally duplicated within a colonized country #exemplifies (0.30)