US antiterrorism prosecutions punished dissident speech never connected to violence.

Evidence

The government used antiterrorism laws to make an example of another Religious Dissident Muslim, the Islamic cleric Ali Al-Tamimi. Al-Tamimi was a scientist, a well-known Islamic lecturer, and co-founder of the Center for Islamic Information and Education, which propagates conservative, literalist interpretations of Islam. During one of his lectures in London in 1996, “Muslims and the Study of the Future,” he expressed his belief that “we have the true source of knowledge, the Quran, and the Sunna, something which is inerrant. And therefore, because of that true source of knowledge, our ability to think and our ability to interpret is more correct than theirs.” … Soon after 9/11, Al-Tamimi claimed the world was on the verge of an apocalyptic battle between Muslims and nonbelievers—ironically, a similar narrative propagated by right-wing Evangelical Christian Islamophobes. He met with young Muslim men on September 16, 2001, and expressed his views that America was engaging in a war on Islam. Three of his followers later traveled to Pakistan and received military training but never went to Afghanistan to fight for the Taliban. As a result, Al-Tamimi was charged with soliciting treason, among other charges. The lead federal prosecutor, Gordon Kromberg, called Al-Tamimi “a purveyor of hate and war” in court. At a time when Islamophobia infected the media and political rhetoric, it was not hard to persuade the jury to convict Al-Tamimi on charges of conspiracy, attempting to aid the Taliban, soliciting treason, soliciting others to wage war against the United States, and aiding and abetting the use of firearms and explosives. In retribution for his dissident politics informed by his religious beliefs, Al-Tamimi is serving life in prison. — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 943